Papua most commonly refers to:
New Guinea, the world's second-largest island in the southwestern Pacific Ocean
Papua New Guinea, a country located in the eastern half of the island of New Guinea
Western New Guinea, officially known as Papua since 2002 (ISO code: ID-PP), the Indonesian western half of the island of New Guinea
Papua (province), an Indonesian province occupying most of the Western New Guinea
Territory of Papua (1884–1949), a British/Australian-administered territory in southeastern New Guinea
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